Operations and Institutional Arrangement
SDG 13: Focus Areas
Description of the main emission sources
Key Actions and Evidence
Emission Sources — University of Bahrain, Sakhir Campus
There are two main emission sources from the University of Bahrain, namely transportation (Scope 1) and the usage of electricity (Scope 2) within the Sakhir campus of the University.
Scope 1 — Transportation
In-campus shuttle fleet
The university provides free shuttle services dedicated to transporting students and staff between different colleges and buildings, and from parking areas to their respective colleges/buildings. Shuttle service is also allocated for students with special needs. Therefore, the amount of transportation emissions in this report is for the in-campus bus fleet.
Scope 2 — Electricity
Total campus energy consumption
Electricity involves the total energy used in all facilities at the Sakhir campus for the whole year (2025). The energy consumption of the year 2025 was directly sourced from the electricity bills produced by Electricity and Water Authority in Bahrain, which is the provider of both electricity and water.
Baseline year & reporting timeline
The year 2023 has been selected as the baseline year to compare the potential improvement due to the implantation of a major solar station at the University campus as part of the Government plan to reach the Net-Zero by 2060, and to reduce emission by 30% by 2035.
Emissions Calculations
Carbon estimation was conducted based on The Greenhouse Gas Protocol: A comparative accounting and reporting standard — https://ghgprotocol.org/
University bus fleet
Total campus electricity
The energy consumption of the year 2025 was directly sourced from the electricity bills produced by Electricity and Water Authority in Bahrain. The total electricity for the Sakhir campus in 2025 was 50,673,098 KWh.
Table 1. Contribution of emissions from transportation and electricity consumption
| Scope | Source | Emissions (t CO₂e) | Contribution % |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Shuttles | 875.93 | 3.51% |
| 2 | Electricity | 24,069.72 | 96.49% |
| Total | 24,945.65 | 100% | |
